The Protected Designation of Origin (PDO or AOP) is a European label that certifies that a food product or beverage has specific qualities or characteristics that are primarily due to its place of production. The concept of PDO is part of an approach to protect and promote traditional know-how and terroirs. This label guarantees that all stages of production, processing and preparation of the product are carried out in a defined geographical area, which gives the product its particular characteristics.
PDO has been a protected geographical indication at the European Union level since 1992, following regulations set to help consumers identify authentic products while preserving local traditions. Each PDO must meet strict specifications that define the precise geographical origin, production methods, and characteristics of the finished product which all producers wishing to use the designation must comply with.
The products that can benefit from this label are very diverse: cheeses, meats, fruits, vegetables, olive oils, wines and spirits, among others. For example, Roquefort cheese, Parma ham and Champagne are all protected by the PDO. This system not only helps preserve local and traditional production methods but also supports the economies of producing regions by highlighting the excellence of their products in national and international markets.
In addition to promoting quality, PDO contributes to the fight against fraud and imitations, as it assures consumers that they are purchasing authentic products, similar to a trademark. This label also plays a role in preserving biodiversity and local ecosystems by encouraging sustainable agricultural practices tailored to the specific characteristics of the regions.”